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Cannabis in the United Kingdom
Cannabis is the most widely used illegal drug in the United Kingdom. It is a plant which is not native to the British Isles but one that was probably introduced from Continental Europe towards the end of the Roman occupation. The traditional name in Britain for ''Cannabis'' was hemp and that name is still used in the United Kingdom, although nowadays it refers almost exclusively to the non-psychoactive strains of the plant typically cultivated by growers and processors of industrial cannabis. The word ''cannabis'' is contemporaneously used as a generic term for plants and plant products deliberately grown for, or because of, their psychoactive properties; that is, the ones that can 'get you high'.
A number of organisations advocate a reform of its legality, such as NORML UK, (UKCSC ), Drug Equality Alliance, Cannabis Law Reform, United Patients Alliance and Feed The Birds while other organizations such as the Centre for Social Justice and Skunk Sense advocate that cannabis remains illegal.
==History==
The oldest evidence of cannabis in Britain is of some seeds found in a well in York. Over time its cultivation spread wildly. The medical properties of cannabis have been recorded since the dawn of history and it is mentioned (as hænep) in the surviving text of an Anglo-Saxon herbal. However, since it appears to have been mostly grown around the coastal areas it suggests the main reason for cultivating it was undoubtedly as a source of vegetable fibre which was stronger and more durable than stinging nettle or flax. This makes it ideal for making into cordage, ropes, fishing nets and canvas. Indeed, when cannabis is grown for fibre it is sown close together so that the plants need to grow tall and strong to compete with each other for light. This encourages the cannabis plants to produce more fibre at the expense of the medically useful cannabinoid compounds.
In order for King Henry VIII to expand his navy he found it necessary to decree in 1533 to compel landlords to set aside 1/240th (0.42%) of their tillable land, to the growing of hemp, ensuring an adequate supply of fibre. Elizabeth I increased production still more and went further by imposing a £5 fine on any eligible landowner who refused to grow it. As more fibre became available so people found other uses for it and it so it became an important part of the British economy. Eventually, demand had expanded to the point that the demand for more fibre was part of the driving force to colonize new lands. Thanks to its hardiness and ease of cultivation, it became an ideal crop to grow in the new British colonies. Moreover, the naval ships built to protect the new colonies and those built to bring the hemp back, also increased demand, as every two years or so much of their two hundred tonnes of ropes and sail cloth had to be renewed.〔Deitch, Robert (2003) ''Hemp: American history revisited: the plant with a divided history''. page 12. Algora Publishing. Accessed 2011-07-29〕
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